Problem-Based Learning sebagai Strategi Penguatan Berpikir Kritis dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54213/tsaqafatuna.v7i1.604Keywords:
Problem-Based Learning, Islamic Religious Education, Critical Thinking.Abstract
Although Problem-Based Learning (PBL) has been proven effective in improving critical thinking and problem-solving skills, its application in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) at the senior high school level has rarely been studied. IRE learning tends to be passive and theoretical. As a result, students are unable to relate religious values to real-life issues, making learning less contextual and transformative. This study aims to explore in depth the application of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in building conceptual understanding and developing critical thinking skills of students in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) at SMA Negeri 1 Leles, Garut. Through a case study approach, data was collected through semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis, involving PAI teachers, the school principal, and students as key participants. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of PBL enhances students' active participation, encourages critical discussion, and connects learning materials with current issues. Teachers reported an improved collaborative and dynamic classroom atmosphere, while students acknowledged gaining a deeper understanding of Islamic values. This study highlights the potential of PBL as a pedagogical approach aligned with the objectives of PAI, namely fostering reflective thinking and building a moral foundation. However, successful implementation of PBL requires institutional support, professional training for teachers, and availability of resources. This study provides initial insights and opens opportunities for further large-scale and longitudinal research.
References
Aisyah, S., & Suhendi, E. (2023). Strengthening the Value of Religious Moderation Through Pai-Bp Learning. Ta Dib Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 12(1), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.29313/tjpi.v12i1.11667
Darmawan, A., Syahputra, E., & Fauzi, K. (2020). The Effect of Islamic Oriented Problem-Based Learning Towards Spatial Ability and Self-Regulated Learning of Madrasah Aliyah Students. American Journal of Educational Research, 8(1), 51–57. https://doi.org/10.12691/education-8-1-8
Fakhrizal, T., & Hasanah, U. (2021). Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Biologi Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Di Kelas X Sma Negeri 1 Kluet Tengah. Biotik Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi Dan Kependidikan, 8(2), 200. https://doi.org/10.22373/biotik.v8i2.8222
Fathuddin, F. (2023). The Challenges of Teaching Islamic Education in the Millennial Generation Era. International Journal of Contemporary Islamic Education, 5(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.24239/ijcied.vol5.iss1.66
Halimatus, S. (2024). The Effect of Applying the Problem Based Learning Model on Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Skills in Islamic Learning for Students in Pondok Pesantren in Jawa Timur. Journal of Education Technology and Inovation, 6(2), 66–73. https://doi.org/10.31537/jeti.v6i2.1547
Hamzah, H., Tambak, S., Hamzah, M. L., Purwati, A. A., Irawan, Y., & Umam, M. I. H. (2022). Effectiveness of Blended Learning Model Based on Problem-Based Learning in Islamic Studies Course. International Journal of Instruction, 15(2), 775–792. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.15242a
Harahap, U. K. (2023). Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Problem-Based Learning on High School Students’ Critical Thinking Abilities in Biology Education. Journal of Digital Learning and Education, 3(2), 172–184. https://doi.org/10.52562/jdle.v3i2.751
Kholis, N. (2019). The Importance of Problem Based Learning in Islamic Higher Education. Nadwa Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 12(2), 335–362. https://doi.org/10.21580/nw.2018.12.2.2532
Laila Hamidah Harahap. (2023). Problematika Pembelajaran Materi Pendidikan Agama Islam di Madrasah. Journal of Islamic Education El Madani, 2(2), 93–100. https://doi.org/10.55438/jiee.v2i2.47
Lee, S., Robinson, E. M., Grace, P. J., Zollfrank, A. A., & Jurchak, M. (2019). Developing a Moral Compass: Themes From the Clinical Ethics Residency for Nurses’ Final Essays. Nursing Ethics, 27(1), 28–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733019833125
Mandasari, N. A. (2021). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Berbantuan Media Power Point Untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas Dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Di SDN Pandean Lamper 02 Semarang. Jurnal Paedagogy, 8(3), 328. https://doi.org/10.33394/jp.v8i3.3886
Manurung, A. S., Halim, A., & Rosyid, A. (2023). The Role of Problem Based Learning Learning in Improving Student Character Education. Jurnal Basicedu, 7(1), 169–170. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v7i1.4279
Mohammed, A. (2024). Implementation of Problem-Based Learning in Undergraduate Medical Education in Ethiopia: An Exploratory Qualitative Study. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, Volume 15, 105–119. https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s443384
Moustaffa, N. A. (2020). Self-Learning Skills and Problem-Based Learning in Medical Education: Case Study. Revista Amazonia Investiga, 9(30), 50–59. https://doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.30.06.5
Novalinda, R., Giatman, M., Syahril, S., Wulansari, R. E., & Tin, C. T. (2023). Constructivist Computer-Based Instruction (CBI) Approach: A CBI Flipped Learning Integrated Problem Based and Case Method (PBL-cflip) in Clinical Refraction Course. International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (Ijoe), 19(05), 42–56. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v19i05.37707
Pransiska, S. (2024). Implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model in Islamic Religious Education Learning and Its Implications for the Critical Thinking Ability of Students of SMAN 1 Rejang Lebong. Islamika, 6(1), 346–362. https://doi.org/10.36088/islamika.v6i1.4355
Rambe, T., Ponirin, P., & Nizar, S. (2022). Development of Case Methods and Team-Based Projects in Indonesian History Lessons Using Web-Based LMS. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.11-10-2022.2325254
Raza, S. A., Qazi, W., & Umer, B. (2019). Examining the Impact of Case-Based Learning on Student Engagement, Learning Motivation and Learning Performance Among University Students. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 12(3), 517–533. https://doi.org/10.1108/jarhe-05-2019-0105
Rohmah, N., Sauri, S., & Sukandar, A. (2023). Pembinaan Akhlaq Mulia Melalui Baca Tulis Al-Qur’an Untuk Mewujudkan Siswa yang Berkarakter di SMP Islam Terpadu Al-Madinah Tahun Pelajaran 2020-2021. An-Nida: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 11(2), 55–77.
Song, B. L., Lee, K. L., Liew, C. Y., Ho, R. C., & Lin, W. L. (2022). Business Students’ Perspectives on Case Method Coaching for Problem-Based Learning: Impacts on Student Engagement and Learning Performance in Higher Education. Education + Training, 64(3), 416–432. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-03-2021-0106
Trullàs, J. C., Blay, C., Sarri, E., & Pujol, R. (2022). Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning Methodology in Undergraduate Medical Education: A Scoping Review. BMC Medical Education, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-022-03154-8
Wang, H., Xuan, J., Liu, L., Shen, X., & Xiong, Y. (2021). Problem-Based Learning and Case-Based Learning in Dental Education. Annals of Translational Medicine, 9(14), 1137. https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-21-165
