Buntet Pesantren Sebagai Pusat Pergerakan: Institusi, Inovasi Pedagogis dan Pendidikan Islam Sebagai Perlawanan Politik

Abstract

This article examines Buntet Pesantren Cirebon as a center for the socio-political movement of Muslims in West Java during the 1928–1946 period, emphasizing the institutional role, pedagogical innovations, and Islamic educational politics orchestrated by KH. Abbas Abdul Jamil. Utilizing a socio-religious history approach and qualitative literature review, this study demonstrates that Buntet Pesantren evolved from a traditional institution rooted in the Cirebon scholars' (ulama) network into an ecosystem of struggle integrating three mutually supporting dimensions: (1) the pesantren institution and tariqa network as a social structure of resistance; (2) pedagogical innovation through the establishment of Madrasah Abna'oul Wathan (1928) as a creative response to the colonial Ordonantie Goeroe 1925–1927 policies; and (3) student (santri) mobilization via the Jihad Resolution (Resolusi Jihad) and the Hizbullah-Sabilillah militias leading up to the Battle of November 10, 1945, in Surabaya. This article argues that Islamic education at Buntet Pesantren during the era of KH. Abbas was not merely an instructional activity, but rather a form of structured political resistance because the curriculum, teaching methods, and the kiai himself served as instruments for building national consciousness and cadre preparation for the independence movement. KH. Abbas Abdul Jamil is represented as a "scholar-warrior and reformer" who blended the traditional scholarly heritage of the pesantren with the demands of the national movement, thereby positioning Buntet as a crucial yet historically underrepresented node in the historiography of the Indonesian independence movement